Periodontology is the field of the Dental Medicine that studies, diagnosis, prevents and treats the periodontal diseases, which are divided into major groups: gingivitis and periodontitis.
These diseases appear due to bacterial accumulation in the oral cavity tissues, resulting in the formation of bacterial plaque and tartar. These affect the teeth supporting tissues: gum, bone and periodontal ligament, responsible to maintaining the dental firmness at the maxillae, provoking inflammation, pain and destruction of the tissues.
Gingivitis
Gingivitis is the initial stage of the gum disease being the inflammation of the gums. Some symptoms include reddish, swallow and bleeding gums.
Gingivitis may cause chronically bad breath and evolves to periodontitis.
Sometimes gingivitis is a still disease, without visible signs or pain. Regular check-up is the best way to prevent and maintain a good control of the oral hygiene.
Periodontitis
Periodontitis is the evolution of the gingivitis when not properly treated. Becoming a severe and complex problem and leading to irreparable damages in the bone and in the tissues that support the teeth, resulting in the permanent loss of the teeth.
To avoid the second stage of the disease book an appointment with a periodontology expert. The sooner the problem is treated the more efficient will be the result. In case of gingivitis the treatment is the removal of the bacterial plaque and tartar, as well as a good oral hygiene routine by the patient.
In what concerns Periodontitis, the bone loss is irreparable. However it will be treated as to avoid the disease progression, eliminating the infection and providing a correct anatomy of the tissues.